Junk Food in Schools Essay

The school ringer rings, flagging the beginning of the lunch break and the children all head out to a similar course: the cafeteria. Night-time of enduring class after class, their psyches get fatigued from packing such data into their heads. Thus, the requirement for food is quite often overwhelming. Arranging towards the food counter, the youngsters load up their plate with treats of their own pickings. A container of Coke, a cheeseburger or potato torts, a pack of Cheetos and a treat and they’re on their approach to eating up their exquisite spread. A large number of schools over the globe are currently supposedly serving a variety of food that is high in calories and have raised salt and fat substance, also the measure of additives in them. Cheeseburgers, fries, pizza, chips, soft drinks and treats have gotten generally accessible in today’s cafeterias, giving an unfortunate option in contrast to the conventional prepared suppers. â€Å"Junk food†, as is suitably instituted for food that has low dietary benefit, has to a great extent become a most loved on our normal youngster’s menu. All things considered, benefit looking for organizations have focused on schools to market such items. Not exclusively are they being advanced in secondary schools however they have now invaded the center schools also, realizing that the majority of these youngsters are presumably eating a similar measure of shoddy nourishment in their homes as well. Albeit significant cola organizations are precluding a few destructive impacts from securing their items, colas are making kids be caffeine subordinate. Crisps and different bites might be appealing to [Insert Last name 2] kids in that they taste great however the utilization of these â€Å"empty† calories is the main source of corpulence in youths and corpulent kids could wind up having constant heart issues. A great many guardians have voiced out their interests and many individuals know about the danger that this issue presents on the children’s wellbeing. A few regions really pass laws denying schools from turning on candy machines during lunch hours. This measure has demonstrated to be ineffectual. Such disappointment is the summit of forever and a day of disregard upon the dietary needs of the kids. On the off chance that grown-ups were progressively watchful in managing such an indispensable piece of their development, this medical problem would not be an issue by any means. Accordingly, what grown-ups can do is to wean these children from this unfortunate tendency and give them an even, profoundly nutritious yet similarly fulfilling passage. Guidelines in planning suppers ought to likewise be executed as for the children’s nutrient and mineral necessities. Seared items ought to be kept at any rate as they are high in fat substance, having been singed in oil. Burgers, frankfurters and different kinds of â€Å"mechanically recuperated meat† ought to be prohibited from the cafeteria just as desserts like sweet treats, toffees, mints, biting gum and exquisite snacks, for example, crisps, salted nuts and tortilla chips. These food things contain a lot of sugar, salt, food added substances, for example, monosodium glutamate and polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. The school is where the young, who are to become tomorrow’s grown-ups, go so as to pick up information on all the common things that they would require later on. It is where they feed their brains yet what they are taking care of their bodies in a position of learning may some time or another lead to inconspicuous medical issues except if, the serving of profoundly nutritious and significant suppers can be carefully upheld in the instructive framework and that the grown-ups who run the schools remember that the children’s wellbeing ought to not the slightest bit be undermined. [Insert Last Name 3] Works Cited â€Å"Junk Food Banned in School Meals†. 19 May 2006. BBC News. 11 April 2008. <http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hello there/uk_news/instruction/4995268. stm> â€Å"Junk Foods†. 2008. Ask the Dietician. 11 April 2008. <http://www. dietitian. com/junkfood. html>

The Beatles Essays - Counterculture Of The 1960s, Free Essays

The Beatles Essays - Counterculture Of The 1960s, Free Essays The Beatles The Beatles The Beatles began in the British city, Liverpool where music was a lifestyle for some individuals. The Beatles were gone before by a John Lennon fronted band called the Quarry men. The gathering welcomed a multi year old kid named Paul McCartney to see them play out a show. The then multi year old John Lennon took to McCartney, that is the point at which a remarkable and stunning tune composing association started. The Quarry Men wound up self-destructing. John Lennon and Paul McCartney stayed in contact and in the end requested that George Harrison join theyre gathering, probably named the Silver Beatles. The band talked a companion of theirs, Stuart Sutcliff, into purchasing a low pitch guitar, and included Pete Best drums. They started getting acknowledgment around Liverpool. That was around that time that Brian Epstein heard them playing and recommended that he accept position of their supervisor. The Beatles concurred and Epstein immediately organized them to go to Hamburg, Germ any to play the nearby music clubs. While in Germany the band met Ringo Star, who later formally joined the band, taking over for Pete Best. At the point when the band was to come back to England, Stuart conclude that he needed to remain in Germany with the young lady he had met and experienced passionate feelings for there. So Paul got the low register guitar, they dropped the Silver from their name, and the Fab Four, as we came to know them, was prepared for progress. The Beatles were currently prepared to record their first collection. Epstein acquainted the band with the man now and then alluded to as the fifth Beatle, George Martin. Martin proceeded to create everything except one of the Beatles collections. Love me Do was their first record, discharged in October 1962. It jumped into the British Top 20 quickly yet never truly succeeded. It was the subsequent melody Please me discharged in mid 1963 which made them #1. The single beat the British diagrams for 30 weeks, an unbelievable accomplishment in the UK music showcase. Theyre second collection is the thing that truly placed them over the top as far as ubiquity. In 1963 with the arrival of With the Beatles, the band discovered accomplishment in both the UK and US, with the single I wanna hold your hand. In February the Band visited the US to play on the Ed Sullivan appear. Numerous individuals consider the Ed Sullivan demonstrate appearance to be the coming out gathering for the Beatles particularly in America. For some, it was their first look at the fab four. There was a lot of publicity even before the communicate. It was a period in America when Elvis had lost his edge, Ricky Valines, and the Big Bopper were slaughtered, additionally the cherished president, John F. Kennedy was killed. The Beatles guaranteed something new and new and had a demeanor people loved. Anthony Corbett, a prominent English therapist commended the Beatles as having given a frantically required discharge to the restraints that exist in each one of us. Whatever it was, the Beatles had something the individuals required on the grounds that like such a significant number of groups of today their prosperity didn't end there. Next, the Beatles made their first film, A Hard Days Night. Followed by broad visiting, and strength of the announcement graphs. At that point their subsequent film Help was discharged to sell out box workplaces over the world. Fredric Lewis of a London paper analyzed the sociological ramifications of Beatle-Mania and said they are regular workers and their underlying foundations and their demeanor are solidly in the north of England. They are a piece of a solid streaming response against the delicate, middleclass south of England, which has controlled mainstream society for such a long time He included Because of their prosperity, they can go about as representative for the new, loud, insurgent age which is become a power in British life. One can accept at that point, that individuals were prepared for a change. The Beatles were one band that could offer change. With prospective collections, ,for example, Revolver, Rubber Soul, also, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, the Beatles demonstrated that change was an awesome thing. Sgt. Peppers was viewed as the main idea album(songs brought together by a typical subject). Done singing simply dopey

How to Perform Keyword Research to Boost your SEO

How to Perform Keyword Research to Boost your SEO © Shutterstock.com | one photoIn this article, we provide an overview on how to do keyword research for SEO by covering 1) some primary insights into keyword research and 2) how to do keyword research step-by-step.PRIMARY INSIGHTS INTO KEYWORD RESEARCHWhat are keywords?Keywords are words / phrases that web users type into the search box of search engines to find information or data suited to their needs or requirements. For example, if you are looking for a good restaurant in your neighborhood on the web, you will type ‘Best Restaurant, ABC Street’ and search results will pop up. In such a scenario, the phrase ‘Best Restaurant, ABC Street’ is the keyword. While some popular keywords may get thousands of searches every day, others may not be that popular. Keywords are very important for every business and website as they help to pull in the traffic in their favor and that too for free of cost.Keywords hold the power to raise the sales of your business dramatically if used cor rectly after proper research. There is a broad range of tools that you can use to select high ranking keywords on the web as well, and some of them include Wordtracker and Google Keyword Research platform, etc.Types of keywordsSome of the most common types of keywords are listed below:Product terms These keywords are related to the products or services you offer. So if you have a large product base, then the list of product term keywords could be very long.Brand terms Brand terms are the kind of keywords which produce the best conversion rate since they are words related to your brand. They are used by those who already know about your business or brand.Competitor terms These are the keywords related to products, services and brand of the competitors and could be good for a business with money since the quality score requirement for using them has been tightened recently.Substitute product terms These terms, like competitor terms, are expensive to bid upon but work well since th ey are the words or terms that someone may search rather than your product name or terms.Audience terms This is the category of keywords which covers all the types of things your target audience may be searching for.Complementary product terms These are the terms that go well with your product, for example if you sell pencils, the complementary product terms could be ‘pencil stands’.What is Keyword Research?Keyword research is defined as the process of finding out the exact search terms web users enter into the search field of search engines when looking for information. This practice is mainly used by Search Engine Optimization or SEO professionals to get better rankings on search engines. As far as search marketing or online marketing is concerned, keyword research is the most fruitful, crucial and valuable activity to perform. By thorough researching and correctly using keywords in demand your business’s sales could skyrocket like never before. These activities not only w ill help you to know which phrases or words to target for SEO but also enable you to know about your customers in general.Keyword research is about getting as many visitors to your website as possible, but it is also about getting the right kinds of visitors. If done smartly, this process can help you fathom the market demand, a shift in choices and product preferences, etc. You can thus accordingly respond to these preferences and provide consumers with what they are looking for. It won’t be wrong to state that Keyword Research is the easiest methods of understanding the preferences of consumers in any field.Example:One of the most searched keywords on the Google Search Engine is ‘Making Money’. This means that thousands and thousands of website and blog owners are fighting for this term. If keyword research has to enter the picture, then its aim will be to find all suitable word combinations that can be clubbed with ‘Making Money’ or mean the same thing. So using a phras e like ‘Making Money from Home’ is a better bet since it is less competitive and thus gaining a ranking using it could be easier.Advantages of Keyword ResearchCrucial to search engines and users: One of the main points of importance of keywords and keyword research is that both search engines, as well as the users, are dependent upon them in order to locate your web site or land on it. If you do not select the right keywords, then you will not get a good ranking, and people would not be able to find you. But when you research keywords and apply them correctly in your content, your ranking goes up, and it makes you more accessible to users. This in turn pulls visitors to your website and chances of conversion may shoot up.Showcases hidden opportunities: Another benefit or point of the importance of keyword research is that it helps to showcase hidden opportunities or chances for your business. These opportunities may come up due to the many relevant terms that turn up after keywo rd research. These unexpected words may turn out to be profitable, and you may never have come across them without good research. These unanticipated words could help you receive considerable amounts of traffic to your site.Helps to save money: By doing a good research on keywords, not only do you get to know a list of terms but also about the competitive figures, traffic information and others matters that may make it possible for you to focus your money as well as time in the right direction. For example, if you know that you are doing well than other competitive websites as far as drawing consumers to your site, then you can cut down on investing more money on bidding, etc. Also, the method of keyword research also helps you to know the negative keywords that may prevent you from investing on those.HOW TO PERFORM KEYWORD RESEARCHFor digital marketers around the world, keyword research is not just an add-on but a necessity. It is a skill that has to be acquired and inculcated beca use if done correctly, it can produce better results than any other marketing or research methods. Smart marketers these days use keyword research not only for SEO purpose but also for finding out the topics they should be writing on and the phrases that must be used. But how does one do effective keyword research? Let’s find out!Step 1.     Prepare an initial list of new keywords you want to targetThe first step to follow is to create an initial list or seed list of keywords. For this, come up with a list of possible words, phrases, and topics that you think your audience may use to search you or the products or services that you offer. Remember that this is just an initial list and the final list will be created later on with more research and refinement.The list that you prepare must be prepared without any limitation to the number of keywords but should be relevant to the kind of content you wish to produce. Also, the list must include terms related to:Your brand nameProduct c ategoriesProduct namesService categoriesService namesPurpose/use of product or serviceCompetitor termsComplementary product or service termsAt this point, you may not need any software or tools to create the list but some tools that you can still use are Google Webmasters tool and Soovie, etc.Step 2.     Mark your keyword objectives after analyzing websiteThe next step to follow in keyword research is to analyze your website, observe your niche and then come up with topics that are most suitable to it. The topics/content must not use keywords or your brand name, etc. in the most obvious way or too many times but can have a subtle reference once or twice. You must be clear about what the website is offering, how it aims to woo visitors and what kind of content it must have. Only once you are clear about this, you can easily come up with better keywords. You must also make sure that you have a diverse range of topics and keywords to cover the website. This helps you to attract visitor s with the varied type of search queries.One of the ways to see which keywords are currently in demand is to enter a few of the most common keywords into the Google Search Engine. Google will then display some suggestions at the bottom of the search results page which you can use or refer to. You can also find more phrase and words by using the Google Suggest feature. This feature is clubbed with the Google Search and helps you find some similar words, phrases and lines that might prove possible keywords for you.Once you have analyzed your website, chosen some topics and come up with a list of keywords to be used, you are ready for your next step.Step 3.     Audience Research and Competitor AnalysisNow the next step is to engage yourself in some competitor and audience research and analysis. In order to attract visitors by ranking high up on the search engine, you need first to understand what your visitors look for and how you can let them reach it. Besides audience research, you a lso need to learn how the top players in your industry or field of work are doing. Here’s what you can do to complete this step successfully:Audience research: It is important to understand what your audiences are looking for. You must only use a set of keywords that are relevant to your website, product or brand. Using irrelevant but high ranking keywords may work for you, but only for a short period of time.One of the ways of conducting audience research and finding out the popular search terms is to visit social media websites, forums and discussion groups to read the conversations among people and find out trending topics/objects, etc. The major thing to remember is that the audience must always come first and that your goal is to provide the audience with what they are looking for.Competitor analysis: It is important that you know which keywords are targeted the most by your competitors. To do this, you can begin by browsing through the content given on the web pages of your competitors’ websites. Once you have a list of some of these keywords, you can enter them into a search engine and see which websites come at the top of the rankings. Some tools that you can use to conduct an effective competitor analysis are SpyFlu, Wordtracker, and Keyword Spy.Step 4.     Utilize keyword tools to expand an initial keyword listThe next step is to make use of some keyword tools and software programs to expand the initial seed list that you had created. Now that you have researched the audiences and done a thorough competitor analysis, you must have come up with some more possible keyword choices. Moreover, it is now time to incorporate tools that help you create a more researched keyword list.There is no dearth of professional keyword research tools that help you finalize the list of keywords and that too in the most thorough manner. It is not advisable to depend on only one keyword tool since every source gets its results from varied sources. To come up with a co mprehensive list, make use of multiple tools. The following are some of the most used and useful tools:Keyword planner by Google: This keyword tool by Google is one of the favorites of bloggers and SEO experts all around the world. What this tool does it that it shows a huge list of keywords and phrases when you enter a single keyword or a few keywords in the search box. From the provided choices, you can pick the one most suitable to your website.Hubspot’s keyword app: This is yet another popular keyword tool that provides well researched and useful keyword suggestions. This app comes with several other features to make your research easier and effective.SEOToolSet: This is a keyword tool or tracker which tells the users how many times a particular word or phrase was used or searched in the Google Search Engine, Yahoo Search Engine, as well as Bing. If the searched keyword has a high search density, then this can point out to two things high consumer demand for the service or pr oduct and that this is the language in which consumers are trying to look for products or services.Step 5.     Narrow down the keyword listThe last step in the keyword research procedure is to narrow down and finalize the keyword list. The list must be finalized in such a way that the last obtained keywords are enough to push up the rankings, attract more visitors and thereby result in better sales. This step of refining the list is important especially in SEO since there is a restriction on the total number of words or keywords. There are no major rules that apply when cutting down the list with your keywords. But it is important to consider the following factors while doing so:Relevance to the topic and website: One of the factors that you must take into consideration while narrowing down the keyword list is the relevance of the keywords to the topic of the content as well as the theme or purpose of the website. If the keyword is not at all suitable to your objective or topic, the n it may drive some traffic for a little while but will cease to do so after a while.Competition: There are some online tools and platforms where Google rates the keyword competition from high to low. Such tools can be used to find out whether your researched keywords face a lot of competition or not. These tools enable you to fathom the words that have a higher chance of winning. But even if you get a lot of competitive words, you shouldn’t be discouraged because it may still not be impossible to get higher rankings.Category of keyword: You must focus on the keyword category that is closest to your theme, target or purpose. The categories must be utilized to understand the main purpose or aim of the search done by the user. Eliminate the less interesting or suitable terms that have no connection to your context.Semantic groups: It is important to group similar terms together as they can later be utilized in PPC ad groups or other purposes. Also, this helps because if a group come s out to be very large, then you can eliminate some terms that are comparatively less interesting.Search Background: Another thing to consider while refining your list of keywords is to search the landscape. For example, enter one of your most important word or phrase into the Google Search box and see what comes up. Sometimes terms of ambiguous meanings may point out to a completely different direction and hence you might need to replace or modify them a little bit.

Statement of Purpose Pursuing a Master Degree of Public...

I have given much thought about my education and career goals. I included my current qualifications and accomplishment, as well as, the fulfillment of my desire to work in the government sector or industry. The issue I had with setting this goal was I qualified to work in many areas, and had become as a â€Å"jack of all trades and master of none.† I was all over the place trying to land in a specific area and industry. I have an Associates of Applied Arts degree in Paralegal, a Certificate in Corporate Governance, and a Bachelors of Science degree in Criminal Justice. I have worked in the private and nonprofit sector for years. I have collaborated with local and state government for a cause, but still felt as if something was missing, or I was not connecting with the right person or institutions. Therefore, I knew I had to strategically pursue both, education and career goals according to my vision and in doing so, I have to think long-term keeping my eyes on the result of my goals. Working with nonprofit agencies and AmeriCorp V.I.S.T.A. (Volunteer in Service to America), I had the opportunity to learn firsthand at the efforts given within agencies to service the environment and the public by making changes, and implementing reforms on different issues. I found I have a passion for people, legal policies, compliances, and I am very good as a spokes person, or advocate speaking on change. During the time when I was facilitating as a General Education Development instructor forShow MoreRelatedAn Assessment Of University Of North Texas Career Center902 Words   |  4 Pagesinstitutional quality. The CAS standards influence practice in the following manner including assessing a current program, expanding existing programs, creating a mission statement and goals, justifying existing programs, training students and staff, guiding new programs, and influencing budget requests (The Handbook of Student Affairs Administration, p. 196). Career selection is just one of the many important choices that have to be considered in determining a college student’s future. These types of decisionRead MoreBusiness Administration From Boise State University1122 Words   |  5 PagesStatement of Purpose – Ph.D. in accounting with a focus on tax research After I obtained a bachelor degree in accountancy and master degree in business administration from Boise State University, I started my accounting career in 2007 in the tax department of Micron Technology, Inc., which is the largest semiconductor manufacturing company in the U.S. The most fascinating part working as a tax professional in a multinational corporation is that I am able to research complicated tax issues and provideRead MoreThe Influence of Agriculture Educator Essay examples1423 Words   |  6 PagesSchool’s agriculture education teacher, Sara Hughes, she said that an agriculture educator has to have, â€Å"At least a Bachelors Degree normally in Ag Ed, and pass the Georgia Assessment for the Certification of Educators (GACE) in the Ag Ed field† (Hughes 1). The GACE is a testing method in Georgia that has been used for several years. According to gace.ets.org, â€Å"The purpose of the GACE assessments is to assure that the knowledge and skills acquired by prospective Georgia educators are aligned withRead MoreEssay on My Educational Goals and Philosophy Statement1439 Words   |  6 PagesMy Educational Goals and Philosophy Statement The most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others -Grayson Kirk. The teaching philosophy of progressivism focuses on developing the whole child. This philosophy not only teaches the core subject material, but it also allows the teacher to help develop the person the child is going to be. John Dewey, founderRead MoreHow to Become a Clinical Psychologist in Malaysia4550 Words   |  19 Pagesthe scientific study and application of psychology for the purpose of understanding, preventing and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development. Its practices are centrally based on psychological assessment and psychotherapy, although clinical psychologists also engage in research, teaching, consultation, forensic testimony and program development and administration. In many countries clinical psychology is a regulated mentalRead MoreEssay Professional and Personal Goals2159 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction For the past eleven years I have been working in the web designing and development field, specifically for colleges and universities. Beginning at Peirce College, while pursuing my undergraduate degree in information technology, and working as a work-study student on the college’s website, I was able to acquire experience and web development and design techniques that are used in a higher educational setting. After graduation from Peirce, I was employed as the web manager and eventuallyRead MoreIndira Nooyi5487 Words   |  22 PagesRaj Kishan Nooyi (management consultant) Daughters - Preetha, Tara Education School: Holy Angels School, Chennai College: * Bachelor s degree (Chemistry, Physics, Maths) from Madras Christian College, Chennai (1974). * Master s Degree in Finance and Marketing from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta (1976). * Master s Degree in Public and Private Management from Yale University s School of Organization and Management (1978). Board member * Federal Reserve Bank of New York Read MoreCareer Opportunities with Commerce Education5944 Words   |  24 PagesBusiness economics: This would cover concepts like the laws of demand and supply, law of returns, elasticity, theory of pricing under different market forms etc. Financial accounting: This subject would deal with the preparation of profit and loss statements, balance sheets and final accounts of a company, knowledge of Indian and international accounting standards, calculation of depreciation and valuation of shares and goodwill of a company. Cost accounting: This would include process, job and contractRead MoreJuan Osong6460 Words   |  26 PagesPhilippines  and  University of Santo Tomas, after which he worked as a lawyer for the government. He first won election in 1949 to the  House of Representatives, representing a district in his home province of  Pampanga. In 1957 he became vice president in the administration of President  Carlos P. Garcia, and in 1961 he defeated Garcias re-election bid for the presidency. As President, Macapagal worked to suppress graft and corruption and to stimulate the Philippine economy. He introduced the countrys first  landRead MoreBusiness Plan for a Night Club5490 Words   |  22 PagesPrepared By: Anthony DiGiacomo Omar Lindo Nicole Terry Rachel Buckley Chris Tribble Jeff Owens Table of Contents Topic Page # #61623; Executive Summary 4 #61623; Mission Statement 8 #61623; Description of the Venue 10 Company Summary 11 Start-up Summary 12 Business Description 15 #61623; Market Analysis 16 Market Analysis Summary 17 Market Segmentation 18 Chart 1 Ââ€" Total UCONN Enrollment

The War Has Been A Part Of Human History Essay - 1490 Words

War has been a part of human history as far back as people can remember. At this point people would argue it’s in our very nature to seek conflict as a means to a resolution. It’s hard to dispute when looking at our history books, but that’s the thing, it’s in the past. We need to learn from our history and evolve. In this context it’s not implied that there can or necessarily should be a way to stop violence, but there are ways to have smarter warfare. It is easy to say that we must remain absolutist but the opposite is incredibly tactically beneficiary in the battlefield as the enemy has shown. Many don’t completely agree with the ill written essay of Elaine Scarry, but on a more humanitarian side, it’s possible to see where she is trying to come from. These rules of engagement should be in place to save the innocents that are dragged into the conflict unwillingly, but it only serves as a hindrance that is used against us. Time and t ime again it is heard how the enemy uses children, woman, the sick and the elderly as means to get close to our troops to cause as much death as possible. Because of this it’s not logical to follow the old formula for warfare if we want to protect our own. Protecting and placing our national sovereignty first is what the American military is for but many people mistake it for some sort of world police, which isn’t America’s place to do to begin with. If the enemy decides to use underhanded tactics, then there is no reason for us not to do theShow MoreRelatedWar : Dream Or Impossibility? American President John F. Kennedy1063 Words   |  5 PagesMichael Dombrovsky Mrs.Healy ENG2DI-03 26 October 2015 End to War: Dream or Impossibility American president John F. Kennedy once said, â€Å"The cost of freedom is always high, but Americans have always paid it. And one path we shall never choose, and that is the path of surrender, or submission†. War has been an everyday occurrence in the lives of ordinary people in developing countries. Ever since the invention of the sword, nations have waged war on their enemies. Through a combination of various fictionRead MoreWar in the Modern World Essay1161 Words   |  5 PagesWar in the Modern World War has fascinated the minds of the greats throughout history. Its concepts and understandings have been passed on to us through the few surviving works of those, whose lives were touched by war, in an ancient archive. Some saw war as an ordinary, inevitable phenomenon that has a place among natural order of human lives (Jacob Walter), while others interpreted it as devastating and terrible deviation from the natural order of things (W.T. Sherman). Over the course ofRead More It is Important to have Knowledge of History Essay1099 Words   |  5 PagesIt is Important to have Knowledge of History Though the past may bring a revival and restoration of the misery(Limerick 473), I believe it is necessary to know and study our past. Through this essay I shall explain how knowledge of the past helps improve the quality of future output, satisfy our human thirst for knowledge, and understand certain polices and regulations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even in our everyday life we can see how past knowledge helps to improve the futures outcome. Whether it is improvementRead MoreWorld War II : A Watershed Event1690 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II was considered to be a watershed event in history by many historians. A watershed event is commonly referred to as an â€Å"event or period marking a turning point in a course of action or state of affairs†. World War II was an event that changed history and the aftermath wrecked most ideas of the future before the war. After the war every party wanted to not repeat this war, so instead of peace, the world rearmed with new technologies and humanitarian ideologies to prevent any form of theRead MoreGlobalization : A Short History1720 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history much has evolved in the world we live in today. Nations that were once empowering and controlled many parts of the world today are seen less superior and most likely to keep peace and order r ather than starting violence. In Jujen Osterhammel and Niels P. Petersson’s book Globalization: A Short History, they investigate what led to globalization. They discuss events in history starting from the 1800s to the cold war era and what events led to globalization. Osterhammel and PeterssonRead MoreExplain The Economic Logic Underpinning Mahan’S Theory1104 Words   |  5 PagesPower Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan published The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 in 1890, in which he attempted to analyze the role of sea control throughout history. Mahan, a naval officer, used his sea experience to create a theory about naval history that is unlike any other history work. Upon examination of Theodore Momsen’s History of the Roman Empire, which included the history of the Second Punic War, Mahan emphasized the significant role that sea communications played in Rome’sRead MoreCannibalism, The Act Of Ingestion Of Human Flesh By Humans1588 Words   |  7 Pages is the act of ingestion of human flesh by humans. the idea of people eating other parts of other people is something that wherever and whenever humans have conformed to their environment and had formed societies. Cannibalism isn’t fake, you may see it in books, on television shows and movies but the fact is that you can see this concept or this way of life throughout history. Th e concept of cannibalism, its ethical encumbrances, and its cultural expression in history and myth are unquestionablyRead MoreMy Major Work Island Of Dead Souls972 Words   |  4 Pagesstory that explores the notions of political corruption, the moral ambiguity of war, and the state of the human condition within such a context. In my major work demonstrates the division that existed between the Tamil minority and the Sinhalese majority. Through the process of my independent investigation, I have been able to gain relevant insight into the reasons and the destructions perpetrated during the civil war, which subsequently provided a substantial foundation on which to build my storyRead MoreWars Are Always Wrong Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesWars are always wrong It has been approximately 100,000 years that modern human beings first evolved in the Earth. Along with the pace of time human civilization has been diversified into different racial, ethnic and language groups. This disintegration has lead people to live in a myriad of culture which is considerably different from each other, in most of the ways. The hodgepodge of various culture, race, and language has created complex and factious human societies. From the beginning ofRead MoreDoes History Matter? Essay994 Words   |  4 Pagesof people have gone great lengths to record every part of the past. We may not know much about the future but we have more than enough information about the past. The knowledge about our past has helped us in many ways. Historians, teachers, doctors, students, lawyers and many more have relied on history books and researches on significant events in history to prove their point. The question why history matters has been asked many times. It has been asked by students, teachers and parents sometimes

A Game of Thrones Chapter Seventeen Free Essays

Bran It seemed as though he had been falling for years. Fly, a voice whispered in the darkness, but Bran did not know how to fly, so all he could do was fall. Maester Luwin made a little boy of clay, baked him till he was hard and brittle, dressed him in Bran’s clothes, and flung him off a roof. We will write a custom essay sample on A Game of Thrones Chapter Seventeen or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bran remembered the way he shattered. â€Å"But I never fall,† he said, falling. The ground was so far below him he could barely make it out through the grey mists that whirled around him, but he could feel how fast he was falling, and he knew what was waiting for him down there. Even in dreams, you could not fall forever. He would wake up in the instant before he hit the ground, he knew. You always woke up in the instant before you hit the ground. And if you don’t? the voice asked. The ground was closer now, still far far away, a thousand miles away, but closer than it had been. It was cold here in the darkness. There was no sun, no stars, only the ground below coming up to smash him, and the grey mists, and the whispering voice. He wanted to cry. Not cry. Fly. â€Å"I can’t fly,† Bran said. â€Å"I can’t, I can’t . . . â€Å" How do you know? Have you ever tried? The voice was high and thin. Bran looked around to see where it was coming from. A crow was spiraling down with him, just out of reach, following him as he fell. â€Å"Help me,† he said. I’m trying, the crow replied. Say, got any corn? Bran reached into his pocket as the darkness spun dizzily around him. When he pulled his hand out, golden kernels slid from between his fingers into the air. They fell with him. The crow landed on his hand and began to eat. â€Å"Are you really a crow?† Bran asked. Are you really falling? the crow asked back. â€Å"It’s just a dream,† Bran said. Is it? asked the crow. â€Å"I’ll wake up when I hit the ground,† Bran told the bird. You’ll die when you hit the ground, the crow said. It went back to eating corn. Bran looked down. He could see mountains now, their peaks white with snow, and the silver thread of rivers in dark woods. He closed his eyes and began to cry. That won’t do any good, the crow said. I told you, the answer is flying, not crying. How hard can it be? I’m doing it. The crow took to the air and flapped around Bran’s hand. â€Å"You have wings,† Bran pointed out. Maybe you do too. Bran felt along his shoulders, groping for feathers. There are different kinds of wings, the crow said. Bran was staring at his arms, his legs. He was so skinny, just skin stretched taut over bones. Had he always been so thin? He tried to remember. A face swam up at him out of the grey mist, shining with light, golden. â€Å"The things I do for love,† it said. Bran screamed. The crow took to the air, cawing. Not that, it shrieked at him. Forget that, you do not need it now, put it aside, put it away. It landed on Bran’s shoulder, and pecked at him, and the shining golden face was gone. Bran was falling faster than ever. The grey mists howled around him as he plunged toward the earth below. â€Å"What are you doing to me?† he asked the crow, tearful. Teaching you how to fly. â€Å"I can’t fly!† You’re flying tight now. â€Å"I’m falling!† Every flight begins with a fall, the crow said. Look down. â€Å"I’m afraid . . . â€Å" LOOK DOWN! Bran looked down, and felt his insides turn to water. The ground was rushing up at him now. The whole world was spread out below him, a tapestry of white and brown and green. He could see everything so clearly that for a moment he forgot to be afraid. He could see the whole realm, and everyone in it. He saw Winterfell as the eagles see it, the tall towers looking squat and stubby from above, the castle walls just lines in the dirt. He saw Maester Luwin on his balcony, studying the sky through a polished bronze tube and frowning as he made notes in a book. He saw his brother Robb, taller and stronger than he remembered him, practicing swordplay in the yard with real steel in his hand. He saw Hodor, the simple giant from the stables, carrying an anvil to Mikken’s forge, hefting it onto his shoulder as easily as another man might heft a bale of hay. At the heart of the godswood, the great white weirwood brooded over its reflection in the black pool, its leaves rustling in a chill wind. When it felt Bran watching, it lifted its eyes from the still waters and stared back at him knowingly. He looked east, and saw a galley racing across the waters of the Bite. He saw his mother sitting alone in a cabin, looking at a bloodstained knife on a table in front of her, as the rowers pulled at their oars and Ser Rodrik leaned across a rail, shaking and heaving. A storm was gathering ahead of them, a vast dark roaring lashed by lightning, but somehow they could not see it. He looked south, and saw the great blue-green rush of the Trident. He saw his father pleading with the king, his face etched with grief. He saw Sansa crying herself to sleep at night, and he saw Arya watching in silence and holding her secrets hard in her heart. There were shadows all around them. One shadow was dark as ash, with the terrible face of a hound. Another was armored like the sun, golden and beautiful. Over them both loomed a giant in armor made of stone, but when he opened his visor, there was nothing inside but darkness and thick black blood. He lifted his eyes and saw clear across the narrow sea, to the Free Cities and the green Dothraki sea and beyond, to Vaes Dothrak under its mountain, to the fabled lands of the JadeSea, to Asshai by the Shadow, where dragons stirred beneath the sunrise. Finally he looked north. He saw the Wall shining like blue crystal, and his bastard brother Jon sleeping alone in a cold bed, his skin growing pale and hard as the memory of all warmth fled from him. And he looked past the Wall, past endless forests cloaked in snow, past the frozen shore and the great blue-white rivers of ice and the dead plains where nothing grew or lived. North and north and north he looked, to the curtain of light at the end of the world, and then beyond that curtain. He looked deep into the heart of winter, and then he cried out, afraid, and the heat of his tears burned on his cheeks. Now you know, the crow whispered as it sat on his shoulder. Now you know why you must live. â€Å"Why?† Bran said, not understanding, falling, falling. Because winter is coming. Bran looked at the crow on his shoulder, and the crow looked back. It had three eyes, and the third eye was full of a terrible knowledge. Bran looked down. There was nothing below him now but snow and cold and death, a frozen wasteland where jagged blue-white spires of ice waited to embrace him. They flew up at him like spears. He saw the bones of a thousand other dreamers impaled upon their points. He was desperately afraid. â€Å"Can a man still be brave if he’s afraid?† he heard his own voice saying, small and far away. And his father’s voice replied to him. â€Å"That is the only time a man can be brave.† Now, Bran, the crow urged. Choose. Fly or die. Death reached for him, screaming. Bran spread his arms and flew. Wings unseen drank the wind and filled and pulled him upward. The terrible needles of ice receded below him. The sky opened up above. Bran soared. It was better than climbing. It was better than anything. The world grew small beneath him. â€Å"I’m flying!† he cried out in delight. I’ve noticed, said the three-eyed crow. It took to the air, flapping its wings in his face, slowing him, blinding him. He faltered in the air as its pinions beat against his cheeks. Its beak stabbed at him fiercely, and Bran felt a sudden blinding pain in the middle of his forehead, between his eyes. â€Å"What are you doing?† he shrieked. The crow opened its beak and cawed at him, a shrill scream of fear, and the grey mists shuddered and swirled around him and ripped away like a veil, and he saw that the crow was really a woman, a serving woman with long black hair, and he knew her from somewhere, from Winterfell, yes, that was it, he remembered her now, and then he realized that he was in Winterfell, in a bed high in some chilly tower room, and the black-haired woman dropped a basin of water to shatter on the floor and ran down the steps, shouting, â€Å"He’s awake, he’s awake, he’s awake.† Bran touched his forehead, between his eyes. The place where the crow had pecked him was still burning, but there was nothing there, no blood, no wound. He felt weak and dizzy. He tried to get out of bed, but nothing happened. And then there was movement beside the bed, and something landed lightly on his legs. He felt nothing. A pair of yellow eyes looked into his own, shining like the sun. The window was open and it was cold in the room, but the warmth that came off the wolf enfolded him like a hot bath. His pup, Bran realized . . . or was it? He was so big now. He reached out to pet him, his hand trembling like a leaf. When his brother Robb burst into the room, breathless from his dash up the tower steps, the direwolf was licking Bran’s face. Bran looked up calmly. â€Å"His name is Summer,† he said. How to cite A Game of Thrones Chapter Seventeen, Essay examples

Psychological Aspects of Substance Abuse free essay sample

This paper examines the psychological damage and aspects of drug and alcohol abuse. This paper analyzes and examines substance abuse and substance dependence. In Part II, characteristics of substance abuse and substance dependence are addressed. Part III examines the psychiatric aspects of substance abuse. Finally, this paper concludes with a way to improve the awareness and treatment of psychiatric disorders and substance abuse. From the paper: Substance abuse greatly impacts many, if not all, aspects of an individuals life and is typically linked to behavioral, economic, educational, legal, medical, psychological, public health, and social problems. In the past 10-15 years, attention has been increasingly focused on the correlation between psychiatric disorders and substance abuse. Numerous researchers have discovered a strong contemporaneous relationship between psychiatric disorders and substance abuse in both clinical and general population samples of adolescents and adults.

The Legend of the Fifth Sun

The Legend of the Fifth Sun The Aztec creation myth which describes how the world originated is called the Legend of the Fifth Sun. Several different versions of this myth exist because the stories were originally passed down by oral tradition, and also because the Aztecs adopted and modified gods and myths from other tribes that they met and conquered. According to the Aztec creation myth, the world of the Aztecs at the time of the Spanish colonization was the fifth era of a cycle of creation and destruction. They believed their world had been created and destroyed four times before. During each of the four previous cycles, different gods first governed the earth through a dominant element and then destroyed it. These worlds were called suns. During the 16th century- and the period in which we still live today- the Aztecs believed that they were living in the fifth sun, and it would also end in violence at the end of the calendrical cycle. In the Beginning In the beginning, according to Aztec mythology, the creator couple Tonacacihuatl and Tonacateuctli (also known as the god Ometeotl, who was both male and female) gave birth to four sons, the Tezcatlipocas of the East, North, South, and West. After 600 years, the sons began to create the universe, including the creation of cosmic time, called suns. These gods eventually created the world and all the other deities. After the world was created, the gods gave light to humans, but to do this, one of the gods had to sacrifice himself by leaping into a fire. Each subsequent sun was created by the personal sacrifice of at least one of the gods, and a key element of the story, like that of all Aztec culture, is that sacrifice is required to begin renewal. Four Cycles The first god to sacrifice himself was Tezcatlipoca, who leaped into the fire and started the First Sun, called 4 Tiger. This period was inhabited by giants who ate only acorns, and it came to an end when the giants were devoured by jaguars. The world lasted 676 years, or 13 52-year cycles according to the pan-Mesoamerican calendar.The Second Sun, or 4-Wind sun, was governed by Quetzalcoatl (also known as the White Tezcatlipoca), and the earth was populated by humans who ate only pià ±on nuts. Tezcatlipoca wanted to be Sun, and turned himself into a tiger and threw Quetzalcoatl off his throne. This world came to an end through catastrophic hurricanes and floods. The few survivors fled to the top of the trees and were transformed into monkeys. This world also lasted 676 years.The Third Sun, or 4-Rain Sun, was dominated by water: its ruling deity was the rain god Tlaloc and its people ate seeds that grew in the water. This world came to an end when the god Quetzalcoatl made it rain fi re and ashes. The survivors became turkeys, butterflies or dogs. Turkeys are called pipil-pipil in the Aztec language, meaning child or prince. This world ended in 7 cycles or 364 years. The Fourth Sun, the 4-Water sun, was governed by the goddess Chalchiuthlicue, sister and wife of Tlaloc. The people ate maize. A great flood marked the end of this world, and all the people were transformed into fish. The 4 Water Sun lasted for 676 years. Creating the Fifth Sun At the end of the fourth sun, the gods gathered at Teotihuacan to decide who had to sacrifice him/herself for the new world to begin. The god Huehuetà ©otl, the old fire god, started a sacrificial bonfire, but none of the most important gods wanted to jump into the flames. The rich and proud god Tecuciztecatl Lord of the Snails hesitated and during that hesitation, the humble and poor Nanahuatzin the Pimply or Scabby One leaped into the flames and became the new sun. Tecuciztecatl jumped in after him and became a second sun. The gods realized that two suns would overwhelm the world, so they threw a rabbit at Tecuciztecal, and it became the moon- that is why you can still see the rabbit in the moon today. The two celestial bodies were set in motion by Ehecatl, the god of the wind, who fiercely and violently blew the sun into motion. The Fifth Sun The Fifth Sun (called 4-Movement) is ruled by Tonatiuh, the sun god. This fifth sun is characterized by the sign Ollin, which means movement. According to Aztec beliefs, this indicated that this world would come to an end through earthquakes, and all the people will be eaten by sky monsters. The Aztecs considered themselves â€Å"the People of the Sun† and therefore their duty was to nourish the Sun god through blood offerings and sacrifices. Failure to do this would cause the end of their world and the disappearance of the sun from the sky. A version of this myth is recorded on the famous Aztec Calendar Stone, a colossal stone sculpture whose images referred to one version of this creation tale linked to Aztec history. The New Fire Ceremony At the end of each 52-year cycle, the Aztec priests carried out the New Fire ceremony, or binding of the years. The myth of the Five Suns predicted the end of a calendar cycle, but it was not known which cycle would be the last one. The Aztec people would clean their houses, discarding all household idols, cooking pots, clothing, and mats. During the last five days, fires were extinguished, and the people climbed on their roofs to await the fate of the world. On the last day of the calendar cycle, the priests would climb the Star Mountain, today known in Spanish as Cerro de la Estrella, and watch the rise of the Pleiades to ensure it followed its normal path. A fire drill was placed on the heart of a sacrificial victim: if the fire could not be lit, the myth said, the sun would be destroyed forever. The successful fire was then brought to Tenochtitlan to relight hearths throughout the city. According to the Spanish chronicler Bernardo Sahagun, the New Fire ceremony was conducted every 52 years in villages throughout the Aztec world. Updated by K. Kris Hirst Sources: Adams REW. 1991. Prehistoric Mesoamerica. Third Edition. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.Berdan FF. 2014. Aztec Archaeology and Ethnohistory. New York: Cambridge University Press.Read KA. 1986. The Fleeting Moment: Cosmogony, Eschatology, and Ethics in Aztec Religion and Society. The Journal of Religious Ethics 14(1):113-138.Smith ME. 2013. The Aztecs. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.Taube KA. 1993. Aztec and Maya Myths. Fourth Edition. Austin: University of Texas Press.Van Tuerenhout DR. 2005. The Aztecs. New Perspectives. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO Inc.

6 successful ways to start your workday

6 successful ways to start your workday Do you have a hard time hitting the desk running, so to speak, on any given work day? Try following some of these strategies to jumpstart your work mornings and make yourself more productive and engaged from the get-go. 1. Establish a pre-work routine at home.First, you have to lay a solid foundation, which means a good night’s sleep. Then, when you hopefully wake up well rested, throw in a nice stretch or short bit of exercise. Get your blood moving- whether you have five minutes to spare for some yoga or can squeeze in 30 minutes of a solid workout. You’ll feel more awake, more grounded, and more capable. Then eat something with a bit of protein that will fuel your morning. Finally, if you’re a caffeine person, have your coffee or tea.2. Dress to feel and perform your best.You don’t have to go formal to â€Å"dress the part.† If you work from home, at least change out of your pajamas to differentiate your lounging self from your working self. If y ou don’t, aim for work clothes that make you feel comfortable and empowered.3. Start on time.Whether your commute is the five steps it takes you to get from the kitchen table to the couch or 45 minutes of driving, busing, or biking, arrive at your desk on time. To perform your best, consider â€Å"on time† to be five minutes early–that gives you time to collect your thoughts and set yourself up for the day ahead.4. Take a moment to just think.A moment of peace can be a moment well-spent- every morning pause to have a nice, mindful think about how things are going, what you’ve been accomplishing, and what you’d like to get done that day. Reacquaint yourself with your to-do list. Pause for a second and engage. Your work day will be much more bearable this way because you  will be in charge of managing the day (and not the other way around). Map out your day, allowing for small adjustments here and there.5. Get comfortable.Figure out the most ideal work set-up for your productivity. Maybe that’s a standing desk, or an exercise ball, or a lumbar support, or a footrest under your desk. Make sure everything in your workspace is de-cluttered and positioned to make yourself physically capable of sitting there and doing what you need to do.6. Eliminate distractions.Devise a system that will make you less vulnerable to interruptions. When you sit down for the day, turn off notifications, put your phone in a bag or a drawer, and focus- at least for long stretches of time. If it helps, set a timer to help you keep break time, mindless task time, and productive project time separate. And do yourself a favor: don’t check your email all the time. Set yourself designated times instead.The main takeaway from these tips is to remain mindful and put systems in place. If you establish a morning routine and stick with it for at least 2 weeks, these good habits will soon become the norm!

Diversity in employment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Diversity in employment - Essay Example 13). Diversity in the work place has generally been thought of as purely an employment equity issue. However, diversity is coming to be recognized as an asset which can, like any other asset that is well managed, contribute to the bottom line. Diversity is growing almost as quickly as the number of software vendors at an accounting convention (Talbot-Allen, 2001, p. 3) One of the best definitions for diversity I have come across says, "Diversity is the mosaic of people who bring a variety of backgrounds, styles, perspectives, values, and beliefs as assets to the groups and organisations with which they interact" (Rasmussen, 2000, p. 274). A mosaic enables people to retain their individuality while contributing collectively to the bigger picture. Second, this definition of diversity applies to and includes everyone; it does not rule out anyone. Finally, this definition describes diversity as an asset, as something desirable and beneficial! This change represents a move away from dominance by the white-Anglo male toward an increasingly diverse and segmented population. This workplace will include growing numbers of women, people of color, people of different ethnic backgrounds, aging workers, workers with a variety of physical handicaps, and people with alternative lifestyles. Only companies that have cultures that support diversity will be able to retain the best talent necessary to remain competitive. Diversity is not the same thing as employment equity. Diversity Pros and Cons Managing diversity is both a challenge and an opportunity for management. It is a challenge because it requires organisational change; it means fostering a cultural environment that values differences and maximizes the potential of all employees. It is an opportunity because organisations that proactively address diversity have a competitive advantage. They are able to attract, motivate and retain high potential employees. We must begin by recognizing the unique cultures of different racial, gender, ethnicities, abilities, differing lifestyles, etc., provide the basis for new perspectives on understanding organisational behavior. This perspective starts with the assumption that each cultural group organizes and defines experience within its own set of cultural systems. Research has suggested that men, women, and the various minorities do not share a common culture of organisational life. The implication is that each group identifies, defines, and organizes its experience in the organ isation in unique ways (Fine, Johnson, & Ryan, 2002, p.306, 317). A number of factors account for these differing experiences. For instance, women hold lower level positions at lower salaries than men; therefore, they tend to see the organisation from the bottom. Minority employees are fewer in number, so, they view the organisation in an isolation perspective. Second, each group appears most comfortable communicating within their own group. Third, the cultures of gender and race give unique perspectives on organizing experiences. Women and minorities identify interpersonal barriers as obstacles to their success, while white men see formal structures and policies as eliminating any obstacles. Women define moral order in terms of interpersonal relationships (as cited in Fine, Johnson, &am

Collection Scandal - Strategy Memo Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Collection Scandal - Strategy Memo - Coursework Example uck & Company to make repayments each month worth $28 for TV, an auto battery, and other merchandise bought using a Sears, Roebuck & Company card before his bankruptcy (ORourke, 2013). On the investigation, it emerged that Sears, Roebuck & Company did not comply with the requirement of filling a reaffirmation in court for the payment. In this regard, legal policy and requirements were ignored. Judge Kenner ordered for further and in mid-March revealed that 2,800 legal violations on reaffirmations had been committed in MA alone. The unlawful business led to the collection of $160 million (ORourke, 2013). The memo aims at stating the critical stakeholders and the concerns that emerge from the case. The meaning of the critical concerns and why the understanding and action being taken matter are the other areas that will be dealt with in the memo. The specific recommendations and the best way to communicate with the different stakeholders affected by the concerns raised in the case are the final areas that the memo will address. The concerns include understanding the legal requirement, determining how the scandal happened, developing mechanisms for evaluating credit provision and approval, retraining of staff tasked with collecting credit and accepting wrongdoing and take full responsibility. The critical concerns mean that the company has a lot of problems with some of its major stakeholders starting with the government, customers, shareholders, and the general public. The critical concerns matter because depending on the outcome and measures undertaken by the company, a lot of revenue, customers, money, and sales will be lost. The concerns matter also because the reputation of the CEO, management of the company, employees, and board of management is on the line. There are a number of ways that Sears, Roebuck & Company can take in solving the scandal that affected the company in the case. Recommendations include: Engaging with law enforcement agencies through

Othello †the Universal Appeal Essay -- Othello essays

Othello – the Universal Appeal  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   For 400 years the audience has found William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello to be relevant to their lives and tastes. Why? What enduring qualities does the play possess in order to ensure its continuing success?    Does the reason lie in the great heterogeneity of characters and scenes and actions within the play?   Robert B. Heilman in â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare† relates the universality of Shakespeare to the â€Å"innumerableness of the parts†:    But the Shakespeare completeness appears graspable and possessable to many men at odds with each other, because of the innumerableness of the parts: these parts we may consider incompletenesses, partial perspectives, and as such they correspond to the imperfect (but not necessarily invalid) modes of seeing and understanding practiced by imperfect (but not necessarily wrongheaded) interpreters and theorists of different camps. Each interpreter sees some part of the whole that does, we may say, mirror him, and he then proceeds to enlarge the mirror until it becomes the work as a whole (10).    Indeed, the reader finds a wide variety of â€Å"parts† from beginning to end of Othello. This is seen in the fact of about 20 characters with speaking roles; and in their variety of   occupations from duke to clown; and in the numerous scene changes; and in the differentiation in speech, actions, manners between every single individual character.    Is characterization another cause of the dramatist’s broad popularity? Harry Levin in the General Introduction to The Riverside Shakespeare finds other reasons for his appeal:      Universal as his attraction has been, it is best understood through particulars. Though – to our advan... ... Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Frye, Northrop. â€Å"Nature and Nothing.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Heilman, Robert B. â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Levin, Harry. General Introduction. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.       Othello – the Universal Appeal Essay -- Othello essays Othello – the Universal Appeal  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   For 400 years the audience has found William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello to be relevant to their lives and tastes. Why? What enduring qualities does the play possess in order to ensure its continuing success?    Does the reason lie in the great heterogeneity of characters and scenes and actions within the play?   Robert B. Heilman in â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare† relates the universality of Shakespeare to the â€Å"innumerableness of the parts†:    But the Shakespeare completeness appears graspable and possessable to many men at odds with each other, because of the innumerableness of the parts: these parts we may consider incompletenesses, partial perspectives, and as such they correspond to the imperfect (but not necessarily invalid) modes of seeing and understanding practiced by imperfect (but not necessarily wrongheaded) interpreters and theorists of different camps. Each interpreter sees some part of the whole that does, we may say, mirror him, and he then proceeds to enlarge the mirror until it becomes the work as a whole (10).    Indeed, the reader finds a wide variety of â€Å"parts† from beginning to end of Othello. This is seen in the fact of about 20 characters with speaking roles; and in their variety of   occupations from duke to clown; and in the numerous scene changes; and in the differentiation in speech, actions, manners between every single individual character.    Is characterization another cause of the dramatist’s broad popularity? Harry Levin in the General Introduction to The Riverside Shakespeare finds other reasons for his appeal:      Universal as his attraction has been, it is best understood through particulars. Though – to our advan... ... Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Frye, Northrop. â€Å"Nature and Nothing.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Heilman, Robert B. â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Levin, Harry. General Introduction. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.      

Chemistry of Coffee Essay

Before coffee is roasted, it is referred to as â€Å"green coffee†. The green coffee is primarily made up of caffeine, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins (amino acids), and organic acids (although inorganic acids exist in coffee as well). These groups are quite stable in the green phase, and it is the carbohydrates, proteins, and acids that will undergo significant reactions during roasting to produce coffee. The important groups of carbohydrates in beans are from the monosaccharides and the polysaccharides found in beans. The disaccharide Sucrose (C12H22O11) also plays a vital role later on in coffee. Generally speaking, Monosaccharides represent the simplest forms of sugars, such as glucose and fructose, and usually follow the formula Cx(H2O)y. These sugars serve as building blocks for polysaccharides like starches and cellulose, which are usually long repeating chains of a basic unit or monosaccharide. All together, carbohydrates represent about 50% of green coffee’s base. Amino acids are present in green coffee at levels of about 10-13% of dry matter. Amino acids are molecules containing an amine, a carboxylic acid group (an organic acid that contains at least one carboxyl group of COOH) , and a side chain (a chemical grouping that is attached to the main group and is specific to each compound). Lipids represent around 11-17% of coffee. They do not play a huge role in the chemical processes of creating coffee- rather, they act as conductors of aroma and taste later on in the coffee process. Caffeine, an astringent stimulant, develops in coffee as a defense mechanism in the coffee plant. Its content remains stable throughout roasting and brewing. It is highly water soluble. Finally, green coffee beans contain numerous acids. Chlorogenic , Citric, Phosphoric, and Quinic Acids represent some of the most important acids in the green coffee bean. A small amount of acetic acid is also present before roasting. It forms when the coffee cherry is fermented to remove the outer pulp. Other than Phosphoric acid, the major acids at work in coffee are organic. Roasting Coffee Overview: In the first phase, the addition of coffee beans drastically drops the temperature of the roaster. The process is endothermic as the beans absorb heat to give off moisture. Around 100 degrees Celsius the temperature stabilizes as water turns into steam. This leads to an increase of pressure. Once the moisture content has been brought down, temperature increases rapidly again, and the reaction goes exothermic as sucrose begins to decompose at around 190-205 degrees C- forming steam and CO2. The increase in pressure from this reaction bursts the cells of the bean as the bean â€Å"cracks†. This crack causes the bean to almost double in volume. The process goes endothermic again until about 225 degrees C and beans â€Å"crack† once again. This increases volume again. Subsequent roasting pushes lipids through the cells to the surface of the bean, and as the bean roasts farther pst the second crack, the volume of the bean decreases due to decomposition. Chemical Processes during Roasting: Caramelization- Caramelization occurs when sucrose begins to decompose and causes the first mechanical crack of the coffee bean. The sugars produce water and carbon dioxide during the reaction, but also color and aromatics like furans (responsible for caramel- like aromas) and HMFs (hydroxymethylfurfural) (responsible for pure, sugar aromas). As the sugar caramelizes further, the aromas increase, but the original taste of sweetness decreases. The Maillard Reaction- The Maillard reaction (discovered in 1912) is the reaction that takes place during the browning of any food. This reaction varies wildly depending on the specific reactants- It happens in seared meat and toasted bread as well as roasted coffee beans. Despite the fact that the reaction comes out with too many variants (and too many unknowns) to go into extreme detail, basic principles govern the reaction for all variants. At its most fundamental form, the Maillard reaction is the reaction that occurs between a reducing sugar and an amino acid. Proteins are all made up of amino acids, so all proteins have the potential to undergo the Maillard reaction. The reducing sugar required for the reaction is any sugar with an aldehyde group. Sucrose is not a reducing sugar, so it’s numerous other sugars like fructose, lactose, and glucose that undergo the process. The sugars and amino acids react to form molecules called melanoidins that have the brown color characteristic of the reaction. The process is complicated because different sugars and different amino acids produce different compounds. Futher complicating the browning process, the new compounds (melanoidins) react even further creating new substances. The Maillard reaction is the cause for many of the volatile aromatic compounds characteristic to coffee, as well as other non-volatile compounds. Strecker Degredation-Strecker Degradation falls under the scope of the Maillard reaction. It is an intermediate step in the overall process, and involves amino acids. Rather than reacting with reducing sugars like the basis of the Maillard reactions, it requires a carbonyl compound as a reactant. The reaction yields CO2, an aldehyde, as well as an amino-ketone. This process is a significant intermediate step because it yields two products that are hugely responsible for the different smells of coffee. The Formation and Decomposition of Acids- From the four predominant acids found in green coffee beans- Chlorogenic, quinic, citric, and phosphoric – two decompose and two increase. Chlorogenic acid (C16H18O9) decomposes by 60% to form caffeic (not to be confused with caffeine- not the same thing! ) and quinic acid. The decomposition of chlorogenic acid in the coffee bean is directly proportional to the length of roasting. It also occurs later on in solution once the coffee has been brewed. Citric acid decreases as a result of the roasting process, it is is unable to withstand the roasting process, however its content does not change after it has been roasted (it doesn’t change with brewing). The acid diminishes quickly as roasting levels pass the light roast stage. Phosphoric acid increases with the length of roasting, however scientists are still unclear as to why the phosphoric acid increases rather than simply remaining stable throughout the process. Other notable acids that are formed when coffee beans are roasted are lactic acid and acetic acid, these acids form due to the decomposition of polysaccharides during and following the first crack stage. Coffee Brewing and Taste. Approximately 28% of the components in roasted coffee beans are water soluble. 72% are insoluble. Brewing a cup of good coffee depends on the balance of extraction of these components. Extraction below 16% is associated with weak, peanuty coffee, while extraction over 24% leads to a bitter brew. Taste of coffee depends on the degree of carmelization the coffee went through during roasting, the acidity of the cup, and the aromatic compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, and furans. As mentioned before, carmelization increases the aroma of the coffee, but lowers the overall sweetness of the cup. The overall â€Å"body† or â€Å"weight† of coffee simply has to do with the number of dissolved particles in the cup. Darker roasts generally have more body to them because the lipids have been brought to the surface of the bean, and are therefore more readily brewed into the coffee. A more â€Å"acidic† brew (not a literal term- it depends on the acids types present in the brew, the pKa, anions species present, and the buffering capacity) lends a â€Å"brightness† to the mouth. Below are some common acids associated with the different flavor notes that accompany an â€Å"acidic† taste in the cup. -Phosphoric acid has been associated with enhancing the brightness of the coffee, although there is still dispute over which acid contributes the most to the overall â€Å"acidity†, especially because the majority of phosphoric acid is neutralized with the presence of potassium once it’s in solution. – Quinic acid provides a cleanness to the brew in low quantities, but in excess leads to bitterness and astringency -Caffeic acid is generally bitter and harsh. -Citric is bright and floral in moderation, but excess is overly sour -Acetic acid can taste fermenty and vinegary in excess but in small amounts give the coffee a â€Å"winey† flavor -Lactic acid is associated with a less prominent â€Å"bright† flavor, but like citric acid, excess tastes sour -Malic acid is a less prominent acid that is known for its apple flavor As for the various volatile aromas in coffee a few of the predominant components include: – Furans which are sweet , nutty, fruity, and caramel smelling -HMFs give off a clean sweet smell. -Ketones are floral, buttery, caramel, vanilla-y, and milky -Phenols in lower levels are spicy, vanilla-y, clove, and anise flavored, excess are associated with a woody, medicinal flavor. Lipids in coffee play a significant role because many of the aromatics in the coffee bean are fat- soluble rather than water soluble. The higher the lipid content, the stronger the taste of the coffee is likely to be. This is why dark roasts generally have a stronger flavor than the light roasts (although it is also due to the increase in overall flavor compounds versus sugars and intact amino acids). Espresso brewed coffee also has a stronger flavor not only due to the increase of dissolved particles relative to the water content, but because it is brewed using emulsion rather than extraction. Emulsion involves pressure as well as water to extract the elements within the bean. The high pressure brewing gets more lipids into the shot than a traditional extraction of pouring water over the coffee grounds would. Finally- caffeine has a mildly astringent flavor. It was not discussed much in this paper because caffeine is relatively stable and doesn’t change from green coffee to roasted coffee. Caffeine level is merely dependent on the caffeine present in the coffee cherry when it was picked and the amount of coffee brewed in ratio to the water. Contrary to popular belief, it is not actually the presence of caffeine that contributes most to the bitter flavor of coffee. Rather, it is a compound called trigonelline (C7 H9NO3), an alkaloid, and its products after degradedation during roasting, that are given the most scientific credit for coffee’s bitterness.

What Was The Reagan Revolution - 1337 Words

Student number: 1530575 PP1070: Introduction to American Politics What was the ‘Reagan Revolution’ and in what ways did it â€Å"change the course which American politics had followed since the 1930s†? Presidents of the United States are expected to lead the country and find solutions to its problems, but the chances of being allowed to do marginal political steps are negligible and success is rarely accomplished. Ronald Reagan was the president successful in bringing fundamental change in American politics. He was likeable man, great communicator, who offered himself as the leader at a time when economy was a shambles and restored the nation s confidence in the White House. His new approach was focused on the reorientation of the U.S. budgetary system, fiscal and tax policies as a break with the economic priorities of previous administrations. Even though he was not very experienced in foreign affairs and many of the ideas originated from movies the president had seen, Reagan with his confrontational rhetoric significantly contributed to the changes in the world politics . The whole era of his presidency (1981 – 1989) is called the `Reagan Revolution`. â€Å"We must reject the idea that every time a law s broken, society is guilty rather than the lawbreaker. It is time to restore the American precept that each individual is accountable for his actions.† Reagan s principal objectives were to reduce the size and role of the government, which exist to serve people. To aimShow MoreRelatedWhat Was The Reagan Revolution?1787 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction to American Politics What was the ‘Reagan Revolution’ and in what ways did it â€Å"change the course which American politics had followed since the 1930s†? Presidents of the United States are expected to lead the country and find solutions to its problems, but the chances of being allowed to do marginal political steps are negligible and success is rarely accomplished. Ronald Reagan was the president successful in bringing fundamental change in American politics. He was likeable man, great communicatorRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Reagan Revolution1592 Words   |  7 PagesThe phenomenon dubbed the â€Å"Reagan Revolution,† can have its roots traced back decades, as early as the 1950s. It is important to start in this era, as it sets the stage for the 60s, which ultimately leads into the 70s and 80s, as history tends to portray a cause and effect relationship. Each of these generations contribute to this revolution of conservatism becoming the most popular view in the nation because of their cultural and social elements, with the 60s being the most important period. HoweverRead MorePresident Reagan s Economic Recovery Package1441 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Reagan relied on the partisan pathway to successfully enact his economic recovery package. He won the election by campaigning on the declining state of the United States economy and the exponential size of the Federal government (Scott Vogel, 1996, p. 1). By running on these issues, he made this a partisan platform and thus his election victory was viewed as a mandate from the people to implement the policies that he championed during his campaign. As the Republican Party Leader, he usedRead More Ronald Reagan Administration Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pagesadministrations that were not trusted, America elected Ronald Reagan by a landslide margin of victory. At sixty-nine years old, he was the oldest President to be elected. He was born in a small town in Illinois and served two terms as California governor starting in 1966. Reagans track record proved to be very strong and included welfare cuts, decreasing the number of state employees, and halting r adical student protesters. Like other GOP members, Reagan came into office promising to limit the power of governmentRead MoreDescribe the Causes and Discuss the Effects of the Cuban Revolution.962 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cuban Revolution, which began in the early 1950’s, was an overthrow of a very corrupt government. It was an attempt to improve the conditions of the Cuban people, but the path was covered in blood and sweat and an informed historian has to ask, was it really worth it? How much actually changed? The main causes of the revolution were the corrupt way in which the country was run, the large role the US played in the running of Cuba and the poor treatment conditions the lower class Cubans livedRead MoreRonald Reagan1535 Words   |  7 PagesRonald Wilson Reagan, born February 6, 1911, served the United States as the 40th president from 1981 to 1989. Reagan was the first and only movie actor elected to office. During his two-terms in office, Reagan had many accomplishments; cutting taxes, strengthened and increased national defense spending, and through foreign policy pursued â€Å"peace through strength.† (Freidel Sidey, 2006). The primary strength Reagan possessed in office was his oratory skills, in which he was dubbed â€Å"The GreatRead MoreReag A Successful Presidency1557 Words   |  7 PagesSince Reagan experienced such a successful presidency, due to his conservative policies accomplishing their goals, many liberal-minded people switched their views. Af ter the conservative success of the early and mid-eighties, the amount of people who views themselves as liberals decreased. In a 1996 poll, â€Å"only 10 percent of Democratic voters identified themselves as ‘liberals’—that is, people who want economic redistribution† (Hannaford). This fact itself showed that people who once believedRead MoreThe New Right By Ronald Reagan974 Words   |  4 PagesRight sparked a new era in American life. The New Right was a political conservative group that criticized the liberalism of the Great Society as well as the conservative activists that had any association with the sexual revolution and with feminism.The success of the New Right depended on considering both the interests of both moral and economic conservatives. The alliance, of the New Right, shifted from supporting Barry Goldwater to Ronald Reagan, because of this not only were right-wing AmericansRead MoreThe Definition Of The Word Hero As A Man Admired For His Achievements And Noble Qualities1319 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition is a perfect portrait former United States president Ronald Reagan. During his presidency, Reagan showed that he was this man through his patriotism, family values and faith in God, achieving economic prosperity and peace and stability during international turmoil. Explaining why he is one of America’s most revered presidents to date. Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on February 6, 1911 to parents John ‘Jack’ and Nelle Reagan along with older brother Neil in the small Midwest town of TampicoRead MoreRonald Reag The President Of The United States Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pagesto this day talks about how Reagan changed America. Many agree that we have a more efficient and prosperous economy as a result of Reagan s economic policies, foreign policy triumphs including a peaceful yet long end to the Cold War, and a restoration of American pride and morale. Proponents also preach that Reagan restored faith in the American Dream with his unabated and passionate love for the United States. It is because of this, that in my opinion, Ronald Reagan has been the most successful